Type approval & Individual vehicle registration - Process
This LAP analyses:
• The classification of hydrogen L category vehicles for type approval purposes,
• The applicable types of type approvals,
• The responsible approval authorities, and
• The differences in type approval process of hydrogen L category vehicles compared to conventional vehicles
• The classification of hydrogen L category vehicles for type approval purposes,
• The applicable types of type approvals,
• The responsible approval authorities, and
• The differences in type approval process of hydrogen L category vehicles compared to conventional vehicles
Glossary:
Type approval means the procedure whereby a EU Member State certifies that a type of vehicle, system, component or separate technical unit satisfies the relevant administrative provisions and Tytechnical requirements.
Motor vehicle registration is the registration of a motor vehicle with a government authority. The purpose of motor vehicle registration is to establish a link between a vehicle and an owner or user of the vehicle. While almost all motor vehicles are uniquely identified by a vehicle identification number, only registered vehicles display a vehicle registration plate and carry a vehicle registration certificate.
Council Directive 1999/37/ EC on the registration documents for vehicle/. Registration means the administrative authorisation for the entry into service in road traffic of a vehicle, involving the identification of the latter and the issuing to it of a serial number, to be known as the registration number.
Motor vehicle registration is the registration of a motor vehicle with a government authority. The purpose of motor vehicle registration is to establish a link between a vehicle and an owner or user of the vehicle. While almost all motor vehicles are uniquely identified by a vehicle identification number, only registered vehicles display a vehicle registration plate and carry a vehicle registration certificate.
Council Directive 1999/37/ EC on the registration documents for vehicle/. Registration means the administrative authorisation for the entry into service in road traffic of a vehicle, involving the identification of the latter and the issuing to it of a serial number, to be known as the registration number.
Pan-European Assessment:
The hydrogen powered bikes, motorcycles and quadricycles are still in market entry phase and there are only a few manufacturers who intend to commercialize them.
The requirements and procedures for the type approval of hydrogen powered L category vehicles are regulated in detail in a number of EU Regulations and referenced standards and do not constitute a structural barrier or regulatory gaps. The lack of experience of national type approval bodies can cause some inconsistences in application of requirements and procedures, delays and additional costs. However, this is not considered as a severe operational or economic barrier to the early market deployment of hydrogen powered L category vehicles. No data are collected about the costs relating to the type approval.
With regard to hydrogen vehicles registration no specific requirements or barriers are identified. A potential structural and economic barrier appears only in Finland, where the hydrogen as a type of fuel is not included in registration templates and therefore a special permission for registration may be required, possibly causing higher cost and time delay.
The requirements and procedures for the type approval of hydrogen powered L category vehicles are regulated in detail in a number of EU Regulations and referenced standards and do not constitute a structural barrier or regulatory gaps. The lack of experience of national type approval bodies can cause some inconsistences in application of requirements and procedures, delays and additional costs. However, this is not considered as a severe operational or economic barrier to the early market deployment of hydrogen powered L category vehicles. No data are collected about the costs relating to the type approval.
With regard to hydrogen vehicles registration no specific requirements or barriers are identified. A potential structural and economic barrier appears only in Finland, where the hydrogen as a type of fuel is not included in registration templates and therefore a special permission for registration may be required, possibly causing higher cost and time delay.
Is it a barrier?
No
Assessment Severity
0
Assessment
No severe impact as procedures are known
Questions:
Question 1
How is a hydrogen vehicle classified? (as an electric/gas/hydrogen vehicle?)
a - motorcycles (and bikes)
a - electric motorbikes and bicycles and quadricycles – no specific H2 classification. Commission Regulation (EU) No 406/2010 implementing Regulation (EC) No 79/2009 apparently not adopted in Italy at this stage.
The Regulation 168/2013, art.4, foresees Hydrogen vehicles classification (category L), however there are no hydrogen bicycles and motorcycles and quadricycles.
Question 1
How is a hydrogen vehicle classified? (as an electric/gas/hydrogen vehicle?)
b - quadricycles
b - idem
The Regulation 168/2013, art.4, foresees Hydrogen vehicles classification (category L) however there are no hydrogen bicycles and motorcycles and quadricycles.
Question 2
Is there a difference in the type approval process for a hydrogen vehicle compared to a conventional vehicle?
a - motorcycles (and bikes)
a - no difference in general, but a specific reference for FCEV (bicycles and motorcycles and quadricycles) is missing – no experience available
Question 2
Is there a difference in the type approval process for a hydrogen vehicle compared to a conventional vehicle?
b - quadricycles
If yes, please specify, e.g. how long does the procedure take and what are the costs to obtain a type approval?
b - idem
Question 3
What type of type-approval is applicable?
a - EU
a - EC–Type approval (Chapter IV of Regulation 168/2013 and Directive 2002/24/EC))
Question 3
What type of type-approval is applicable?
b - national
b - Following Articles 71 and 75 of Codice della Strada (Traffic Regulations): indirect type–approval. The procedures are explained in Ministerial Decree 28 of April 28th 2008,
Question 3
What type of type-approval is applicable?
c - individual
c - Any type–approval from a European Union Member State, in Italy: Following Articles 71 and 75 of Codice della Strada (Traffic directive): individual type–approval. The procedures are explained in Ministerial Decree 28 of April 28th 2008.
Question 4
Which is the responsible approval authority?
a) for the type approval
i. motorcycles (and bikes)
ii. quadricycles
b) for individual vehicle registration
i. motorcycles (and bikes)
ii. quadricycles
a) for the type approval
i. motorcycles (and bikes) ii. quadricycles – Approval shall be carried out by offices of the Motorizzazione Civile (dedicated Agency for the Ministry of Transport) or the Centro Prova Autoveicoli. This can be obtained also though bodies compliant with UNI CEI EN ISO 17020:2012l)
b) for individual vehicle registration
i. motorcycles (and bikes) ii. quadricycles – Registration of individual vehicles takes place in the provincial offices of the Motorizzazione Civile (UMC) or of the Automobile Club d’Italia (ACI) to be entered in the Pubblico Registro Automobilistico (PRA) upon compliance with type–approval as obtained through procedures above. Not applicable for electric bicycles with less than 25km/h top speed, which are not subject to registration.
ii. – idem
National legislation:
-
Ministerial Decree DM 31/1/2003
Chapter 3
EC –Type approval of two–, three, and four–wheel vehicles - Ministerial Decree 28 of April 28th 2008
EU Legislation:
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Council Directive 1999/37/EC of 29 April 1999 on the registration documents for vehicles
Council Directive 1999/37/EC of 29 April 1999 on the registration documents for vehicles The registration of vehicles in EU, irrespective on the power train or type of fuel is partly regulated by Council Directive 1999/37/EC on the registration documents of vehicles, amended with Directive 2003/127/EC. Both directives are transposed in partner countries and for registration documents applies mutual recognition. Vehicle registration requirements and procedures are subject to the national law.
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Regulation (EU) No 168/2013 of the European Parliament and of the Council of 15 January 2013 on the approval and market surveillance of two– or three–wheel vehicles and quadricycles
This Regulation establishes the administrative and technical requirements for the type-approval of all new vehicles, systems, components and separate technical units of all two- or three-wheel vehicles and quadricycles as categorised in Article 4 and Annex I (‘L-category vehicles’),
This Regulation also establishes the requirements for the market surveillance of vehicles, systems, components and separate technical units as well as the requirements for the market surveillance of parts and equipment for such vehicles.
ANNEX V additional lays down the obligations to conduct environmental performance tests for approval and extensions. According to the Regulation, Hydrogen is bound to none of the tests with the exception of fuel consumption -
Commission Delegated Regulation (EU) No 134/2014 of 16 December 2013 supplementing Regulation (EU) No 168/2013
This Regulation establishes the detailed technical requirements and test procedures regarding environmental and propulsion unit performance for the approval of L–category vehicles and the systems, components and separate technical units intended for such vehicles in accordance with Regulation (EU) No 168/2013 and sets out a list of UNECE regulations and amendments thereto. (incl. hydrogen fuel cell vehicles)
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Commission Delegated Regulation (EU) No 3/2014 of 24 October 2013 supplementing Regulation (EU) No 168/2013 of the European Parliament and of the Council with regard to vehicle functional safety requirements for the approval of two- or three-wheel vehicles and quadricycles
ANNEX IV
Requirements regarding electrical safety
2.3.3 Fuel cell vehicles
4.4. Determination of hydrogen emissions -
Commission Delegated Regulation (EU) No 44/2014 of 21 November 2013 supplementing Regulation (EU) No 168/2013 of the European Parliament and of the Council with regard to the vehicle construction and general requirements for the approval of two- or three-wheel vehicles and quadricycles
Article 1
Subject matter
1. This Regulation establishes the detailed technical requirements and test procedures regarding vehicle construction and general requirements for the approval of L-category vehicles and the systems, components and separate technical units intended for such vehicles in accordance with Regulation (EU) No 168/2013 and sets out a list of UNECE regulations and amendments thereto.
2. It also establishes performance standards for technical services and the procedure for their assessment. -
Commission Implementing Regulation (EU) No 901/2014 of 18 July 2014 implementing Regulation (EU) No 168/2013 of the European Parliament and of the Council with regard to the administrative requirements for the approval and market surveillance of two- or three-wheel vehicles and quadricycles
Article 1
Subject matter
This Regulation provides for the implementing measures referred to in Article 72 of Regulation (EU) No 168/2013 to establish uniform conditions for the implementation of the administrative requirements for the approval of new two- or three-wheel vehicles and quadricycles, as well as systems, components and separate technical units designed and constructed for such vehicles. It also establishes the administrative requirements for placing on the market and entry into service of parts or equipment which may pose a serious risk to the correct functioning of essential systems.